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146
README
146
README
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Tiny C Compiler - Make the best x86 Linux C compiler in less than 8192 bytes.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Differences with ANSI C:
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-----------------------
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- Preprocessor: only '#define xx yy' is supported. Recursive defined
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supported. All other directives are not supported.
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- Types: int, char, void, pointers and functions are
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supported. Function pointers are also supported. struct, union and
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typedef not supported.
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- Operations: 'x=' not supported.
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- Keywords: the following keywords are supported: int void char if
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else while break return for.
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- Symbol scope: local variables supported, but they cannot have the
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same name as global variables.
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Tiny C Compiler - C Scripting Everywhere - The Smallest ANSI C compiler
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Features:
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--------
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@ -25,25 +7,123 @@ Features:
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- SMALL! You can compile and execute C code everywhere, for example on
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rescue disks.
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- FAST! tcc generate x86 code. No byte code overhead.
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- FAST! tcc generates optimized x86 code. No byte code overhead.
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- Compile and execute C source directly. No linking necessary.
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- UNLIMITED! Any C dynamic library can be used directly. TCC is
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heading torwards full ANSI C compliance. TCC can of course compile
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itself.
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- C script supported : just add '#!/usr/bin/tcc' at the first line of
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your C source, and execute it directly from the command line !
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- Compile and execute C source directly. No linking or assembly
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necessary. Full C preprocessor included.
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- All C library functions can be used via dynamic linking.
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- C script supported : just add '#!/usr/local/bin/tcc' at the first
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line of your C source, and execute it directly from the command line !
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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An even smaller compiler can be build from tcc by activating the
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define 'TINY'. The following changes from tcc:
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- For adventurers, tcc is conceived to be able to generate code for
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other targets.
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- Comments are not supported.
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Documentation:
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-------------
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- Parsing: No char constants. No '\r' and '\t' in strings. Only base
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10 numbers are supported.
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1) Installation
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- no 'for' loops.
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***TCC currently only work on Linux x86***.
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- Operations: '?:', ',', 'x=', shifts, '&&', '||', '!', '~' not supported.
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Type 'make install' to compile and install tcc in /usr/local and
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/usr/local/lib/tcc.
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2) Introduction
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We assume here that you know ANSI C. Look at the example ex1.c to know
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what the programs look like.
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The main limitations of tcc are that you cannot use floats.
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The include file <tcclib.h> can be used if you want a small basic libc
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include support (especially useful for floppy disks). Of course, you
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can also use standard headers, although they are slower to compile.
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You can begin your C script with '#!/usr/local/bin/tcc' on the first
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line and set its execute bits (chmod a+x your_script). Then, you can
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launch the C code as a shell or perl script :-) The command line
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arguments are put in 'argc' and 'argv' of the main functions, as in
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ANSI C.
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3) Invokation
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'-Idir' : specify an additionnal include path. The
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default ones are: /usr/include, /usr/lib/tcc, /usr/local/lib/tcc.
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'-Dsym' : define preprocessor symbol 'sym' to 1.
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'-lxxx' : dynamically link your program with library
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libxxx.so. Standard library paths are checked, including those
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specificed with LD_LIBRARY_PATH.
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Only one source code can be compiled. If you have multiple source
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files, add one which includes all your sources.
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4) Examples
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ex1.c: simplest example (hello world). Can also be launched directly
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as a script: ./ex2.c.
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ex2.c: more complicated example: find a number with the four
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operations given a list of numbers (benchmark).
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ex3.c: compute fibonacci numbers (benchmark).
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ex4.c: more complicated: X11 program. Very complicated test in fact
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because standard headers are being used ! Currently slow because
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parsing does not use hash tables.
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ex5.c: 'hello world' with standard glibc headers.
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tcc.c: TCC can compile itself. Used to check the code generator.
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prog.c: auto test for TCC which tests many subtle possible bugs. Used
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when doing 'make test'.
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Exact differences with ANSI C:
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-----------------------------
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1) Preprocessor
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- the preprocessor tokens are the same as C. It means that in some
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rare cases, preprocessed numbers are not handled exactly as in ANSI
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C. This approach has the advantage of being simpler and FAST!
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- __LINE__, __FILE__, __DATE__, __TIME__ are currently not handled.
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- #line not handled
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2) C language
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- Parsing: variables cannot be initialized ('int a = 1' or 'int tab[2] =
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{1, 2}' not supported).
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- Cannot pass struct/union as value. Cannot assign struct/union (use
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memcpy instead).
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- Types: floating point numbers are not supported.
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- (BUG) 'char' and 'short' casts do not truncate correctly.
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- 'sizeof' may not work if too complex expression is given.
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Supported C extensions:
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----------------------
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- 'inline' keyword is ignored.
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License:
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-------
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TCC is distributed under the GNU Generic Public License (see COPYING
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file).
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I accept only patches where you give your copyright explictely to me
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to simplify licensing issues.
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Fabrice Bellard - Nov 11, 2001.
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